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Jury Instructions

The Model Jury Instructions are designed to help judges explain the law clearly to juries.

These instructions are examples, not mandatory patterns.

Judges should review them carefully before use and adapt them as needed for the case or to reflect changes in the law.

The manuals are not a substitute for a judge’s own research, drafting, or preferred style of instructing juries, but the format provided can be useful in most civil and criminal cases.

Last updated February 10, 2026